Kodi mavavu agulugufe amakhala otalika bwanji?

Moyo wautumiki wavalavu butterflyzimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zolumikizana, nthawi zambiri zimasinthasintha mkati mwa zaka 5 mpaka 20. 

Zigamulo zachindunji ziyenera kupangidwa potengera zinthu, momwe ntchito, nthawi zogwirira ntchito, ndi momwe amakonzera. Kusiyana kwa moyo wapakati ndi chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mapangidwe a mapangidwe osindikizira: mavavu agulugufe osindikizidwa ofewa amadalira zipangizo zotanuka monga mphira kapena polytetrafluoroethylene kuti akwaniritse kusindikiza. Ngakhale kuti zipangizozi zimakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikizira, zimakhala zosavuta kukwawa ndi kukalamba zikakhala ndi mphamvu yapakati, kusintha kwa kutentha, ndi kutsegula ndi kutseka pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusinthika kapena kusweka kwa malo osindikizira. Mwachitsanzo, pansi pa kutentha kwabwino ndi madzi oyera, valavu ya butterfly yofewa yotsekedwa imatha kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa nthawi zoposa 50000, ndi moyo wa zaka pafupifupi 5 mpaka 8; Ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina otumizira omwe ali ndi zoulutsira mawu, kukokoloka kwa tinthu kumafulumizitsa kuvala kwa malo osindikizira, ndipo moyo wautumiki ukhoza kufupikitsidwa kukhala zaka 3 mpaka 5. Vavu yagulugufe yosindikizidwa yolimba imatengera zitsulo kusindikiza zitsulo (monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo cha chromium molybdenum), ndipo kukana kwake kumatheka ndi kuwotcherera aloyi yolimba kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa zokutira zosagwira. Kapangidwe kake kachitatu kamakwaniritsa njira yotsegula ndi kutseka mosasunthika kudzera munjira zitatu-dimensional za axis, cone surface ndi malo olumikizirana, kumachepetsa kwambiri mavalidwe. M'mapaipi otentha kwambiri komanso othamanga kwambiri, nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka kwa ma valve agulugufe osindikizidwa mwamphamvu amatha kupitilira nthawi 100000, ndipo moyo wawo ukhoza kufika zaka 10 mpaka 20; Ngati sing'angayo ndi mankhwala owononga kwambiri, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zolimbana ndi dzimbiri monga Hastelloy. Ngakhale moyo ukhoza kufupikitsidwa pang'ono chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ndalama zakuthupi, ukhoza kugwirabe ntchito mokhazikika kwa zaka 8 mpaka 15.

Makhalidwe ogwirira ntchito ndi chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chimatsimikizira moyo wavalavu butterfly. M'ma TV aukhondo, malo ocheperako, komanso zochitika zotsika pafupipafupi, zida za ma valve zimayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu zofanana, zokhala ndi mavalidwe otsika komanso nthawi ya moyo nthawi zambiri imayandikira malire apamwamba. Mwachitsanzo, m'makina operekera madzi a m'tawuni, ma valve agulugufe osindikizidwa ofewa amatha kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa zosakwana kasanu patsiku, ndipo ndi chisamaliro choyenera, moyo wawo ukhoza kufika zaka 8 mpaka 10. M'malo mwake, m'malo ovuta kugwira ntchito monga zitsulo ndi uinjiniya wamankhwala, kutentha kwambiri (kupitirira 400 ℃), kuthamanga kwambiri (kupitirira 10MPa), dzimbiri lamphamvu (monga mayankho a acid-base), kapena kuvala kwambiri (monga slurry ndi phulusa) media imatha kufulumizitsa ukalamba wazinthu ndi kuwonongeka kwamapangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, pophulitsa payipi ya gasi pafakitale yachitsulo, valavu yagulugufe yolimba yomata imayenera kupirira kutentha kwambiri kwa 800 ℃ ndi kuwomba kwa mpweya wa fumbi. Ngakhale ndi chitetezo chotchingira cha ceramic, moyo wake wautumiki ukhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka 5 mpaka 8.

Zotsatira za machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito ndi msinkhu wosamalira pa nthawi ya moyo sizinganyalanyazidwe. Kutsegula ndi kutseka pafupipafupi (koposa ka 10 patsiku) kumatha kukulitsa kuvala pazinthu zopatsirana monga tsinde la valavu ndi ma bere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutseguka ndi kutseka torque komanso ngakhale kupanikizana; Kulephera kusunga motsatira ndondomeko (monga kusapaka mafuta nthawi zonse kapena kuyeretsa zonyansa pamtunda wosindikizira) zidzafulumizitsa kukalamba kwa zisindikizo ndikufupikitsa moyo wonse wa valve. Mwachitsanzo, mu chomera chamankhwala, kulephera kusintha nthawi zonse mphete yosindikizira mpando wa vavu kunachititsa kuti valavu iwonongeke kwambiri pambuyo pa zaka 3 zogwira ntchito, pamene valavu yosungidwa motsatira malamulo pansi pamikhalidwe yomweyi yogwirira ntchito ikhoza kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 12. Chifukwa chake, kusankha koyenera, kugwira ntchito mokhazikika, komanso kukonza nthawi zonse ndizo njira zazikuluzikulu zowonjezera moyo wautumikivalavu butterfly.